Composite Topological Structures in SO(10)

ORAL

Abstract

We explore a variety of composite topological structures that arise from the spontaneous breaking of SO(10) to SU(3)c×U(1)em via one of its maximal subgroups SU(5)×U(1)χ, SU(4)c×SU(2)L×SU(2)R, and SU(5)×U(1)X (also known as flipped SU(5)). They include i) a network of ℤ strings which develop monopoles and turn into necklaces with the structure of ℤ2 strings, ii) dumbbells connecting two different types of monopoles, or monopoles and antimonpoles, iii) starfish-like configurations, iv) polypole configurations, and v) walls bounded by a necklace. We display these structures both before and after the electroweak breaking. The appearance of these composite structures in the early universe and their astrophysical implications including gravitational wave emission would depend on the symmetry breaking patterns and scales, and the nature of the associated phase transitions.

*A.T. is partially supported by the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware. The work of G.L. and Q.S. is supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the "First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty Members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant" (Project Number:2251).

Publication: Published in: JHEP 05 (2023), 119
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)119

Presenters

  • Amit Tiwari

    • University of Delaware

Authors

  • Amit Tiwari

    • University of Delaware
  • Qaisar Shafi

    • University of Delaware
  • George Lazarides

    • School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece