Field and temperature tuning of magnetic diode in permalloy honeycomb lattice

We report the observation of magnetic diode behavior with an ultra-low forward voltage of 5 mV. This renders a new venue for energetically efficient spintronic device research in the unconventional system of the two-dimensional permalloy honeycomb lattice. A detailed understanding of temperature and magnetic field tuning of diode behavior is imperative to any practical application. Here, we performed a comprehensive study by performing electrical measurements on magnetic diode samples as functions of temperature and magnetic field. The magnetic diode is found to persist across a broad temperature range and the application of an external magnetic field unveils a peculiar reentrant characteristic where diode behavior is suppressed in remnant field but reappears after warming to room temperature. Analysis of the current-voltage data suggests a modest energy gap, ~0.03 - 0.1 eV, comparable to magnetic Coulomb's interaction energy between emergent magnetic charges on honeycomb vertices in the reverse biased state. Our observations reaffirm the role of magnetic charge correlation in unidirectional conduction in 2D honeycomb lattices. These experimental results are expected to pave the way for using magnetic diodes in next-generation spintronic device applications.