Toward optically driven electrical quantum metrology

ORAL

Abstract

We use a mode-locked laser to drive Josephson junction arrays (JJA) [1]. Our method is promising for driving, e.g., Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizers (JAWS) or single flux quantum (SFQ) logic. Both can benefit from a fast optical data bus that minimizes the heat load into the cryostat compared to conventional electrical cabling. Our mode-locked laser generates a pattern of optical pulses that we convert into electrical ones with a photodiode at a cryogenic temperature. Under suitable operating conditions, each electrical pulse yields a quantized voltage pulse in all of the Josephson junctions of the array. We operate our mode-locked laser at a modest pulse frequency of about 2-3 GHz and use time division multiplexing (TDM) to yield a multiplied pulse frequency for driving the JJA. We show that the measurement of DC voltage for a JJA driven by double pulses with a varied time delay between them allows to study electrical transmission line effects in the system consisting of the photodiode and the JJA. Improvements in cryogenic optical packaging enable more ideal transmission lines, which is important for our future goal to increase the pulse frequency of JAWS.

*We acknowledge the Academy of Finland for support through Grant Nos. 350220, 310909, 320168, 336817, 296476 (T.F.), and 306844 (T.F.) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme under Grant Agreements 20FUN07/SuperQuant, No. 862660/Quantum e-leaps and 899558/aCryComm and from Business Finland no. 128291/QuTI.

Publication: [1] J. Nissilä et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 119, 032601 (2021).

Presenters

  • Antti Kemppinen

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

Authors

  • Antti Kemppinen

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Jaani Nissilä

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Katja V Kohopää

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Pranauv Selvasundaram

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Emma Mykkänen

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Thomas Fordell

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Pekka Immonen

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Robab Najafi Jabdaraghi

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Jorden Senior

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Joel Hunnakko

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Oliver Kieler

    • Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
  • Mark Bieler

    • Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
  • Björnar Karlsen

    • Justervesenet (JV)
  • Eivind Bardalen

    • University of South-Eastern Norway
  • Per Alfred Øhlckers

    • University of South-Eastern Norway
  • Matteo Cherchi

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Kirsi Tappura

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Visa Vesterinen

    • VTT Micro & Nanoelectronics
    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Antti J Manninen

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
  • Joonas Govenius

    • VTT Micro & Nanoelectronics
    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
  • Giovanni Delrosso

    • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland