Tunable Planar Josephson Junctions Driven by Time-Dependent Spin-Orbit Coupling

Integrating conventional superconductors with common III-V semiconductors provides a versatile platform to implement tunable Josephson junctions (JJs) and their applications. We propose that with gate-controlled time-dependent spin-orbit coupling, it is possible to strongly modify the current-phase relations and Josephson energy and provide a mechanism to drive the JJ dynamics, even in the absence of any bias current^[1]. We show that the transition between stable phases is realized with a simple linear change in the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, while the transition rate can exceed the gate-induced electric field GHz changes by an order of magnitude. The resulting interplay between the constant effective magnetic field and changing Rashba spin-orbit coupling has direct implications for superconducting spintronics, controlling Majorana bound states, and emerging qubits. We argue that topological superconductivity, sought for fault-tolerant quantum computing, offers simpler applications in superconducting electronics and spintronics.