Efficient verification of continuous-variable quantum states and quantum devices beyond independent and identical assumption

Continuous-variable quantum information, where information is encoded in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, is widely used in many quantum information protocols including quantum computation, quantum metrology, quantum cryptography, etc. To demonstrate quantum advantage in these protocols, certification of realistic implementations of multimode continuous-variable quantum states and quantum devices is an essential step. However, in realistic scenarios, identical and independent (i.i.d) state preparation and calls to the quantum device cannot be generally guaranteed. Important instances include adversarial scenarios and instances of time-dependent and correlated noise. In this paper, we propose the first reliable schemes to verify multimode continuous-variable entangled states and devices in these non-i.i.d scenarios.