Structural Studies of Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Systems

The lead halide perovskite systems have been studied intensively recently for applications as photovoltaic materials due to their very high conversion efficiency. To develop accurate models of these systems, it is critical to understand their structural phases and atomic level properties. High-resolution single crystal x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray pair distribution function measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements are being used to determine the long-range and local structures and assess the stable phases. A discussion of the structure on different length scales over a broad temperature range will be given.