Power loss of a beam of charged particles to encapsulated graphene

We have calculated the rate of loss of energy for a beam of charged particles to a hybrid structure
consisting of a graphene layer and a conducting substrate. The theory involves a determination
of the surface response function which we obtain in the random-phase approximation (RPA) in
conjunction with a transfer matrix method involving the induced electrostatic potential due to
an external electric field. A comparison of the contributions to the power loss due to plasmons
and particle-hole excitations is carried out. We analyze the way in which the plasmon losses are
influenced by an applied uniaxial strain as well as plasmon-phonon coupling.