Non-equilibrium dynamics in the actin cortex

 · Invited

Abstract

The actin cortex of cells is a mechanically resilient but also highly active material that provides a protective shell for cells and, at the same time, drives many crucial dynamic processes. Myosin motors locally exert contractile force on the actin network which is kept in a dynamic steady state with the help of a multitude of regulatory proteins. It is not well understood how the cortex self-organizes to form complex structures and perform collective dynamic functions.
We use advanced light microscopy and statistical analysis methods to characterize the mechanical properties of and the motion and stress patterns in reconstituted and cellular cortices. Model cortices were constructed in emulsion droplets from Xenopus egg extract. Cellular cortical activity was monitored by studying the fluctuations of primary cilia of kidney epithelial cells. We developed a method to diagnose thermodynamic non-equilibrium using the principle of detailed balance.

*German Excellence Initiative “NanoSystems Initiative Munich” (C.P.B.), Human Frontier Science Program Fellowship (N.F.), European Research Council Advanced Grant FP7 ERC-2013-AdG, Project 340528 (C.F.S), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Collaborative Research Center SFB 937 (Project A2), Israel Scie

Presenters

  • Christoph Schmidt

    • Faculty for Physics, University of Goettingen

Authors

  • Christoph Schmidt

    • Faculty for Physics, University of Goettingen
  • Christopher Battle

    • Faculty for Physics, University of Goettingen
  • Tzer Han Tan

    • Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
    • Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • Physics, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
  • Enas Abu-Shah

    • Department of Physics, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
  • Maya Malik Garbi

    • Department of Physics, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
  • Junang Li

    • Physics, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
    • Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
    • Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Abhinav Sharma

    • Faculty for Physics, University of Goettingen
    • Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden
    • Leibniz Institut fuer Polymerforschung
    • Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research
  • Kinneret Keren

    • Department of Physics, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
  • Nikta Fakhri

    • Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • Physics, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
    • Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT
    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology-MIT
    • Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Chase Broedersz

    • Arnold -Sommerfeld-Center for Theoretical Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
    • Arnold-Sommerfeld-Center for Theoretical Physics , Ludwig Maximilians University Munich
    • Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics (ASC) and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich
  • Fred MacKintosh

    • Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, , Rice University
    • Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University