Transmission Electron Microscopy and First Principle Studies Investigating Intercalation Phenomenon Of Vanadium Pentoxide(V$_{2}$O$_{5})$ nanowire cathode

Vanadium Pentoxide(V$_{2}$O$_{5})$ is an attractive intercalation compound due to its characteristic layered structure from weak vanadium-oxygen bonding which enables the intercalation of ions between the layers. Here, we will discuss an in-situ transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy approach investigating lithiation of orthorhombic $\alpha $-V$_{2}$O$_{5}$ nanowires where the center of the nanowire undergoes a transformation to $\gamma $-Li$_{2}$V$_{2}$O$_{5\, }$phase. Since V$_{2}$O$_{5}$ has also been predicted as a potential cathode host for magnesium ion intercalation, we also investigate Mg intercalation in $\alpha $-V$_{2}$O$_{5}$ nanowire and determine if our reaction pathway leads to the formation of $\varepsilon $-Mg$_{0.5}$V$_{2}$O$_{5\, }$ phase, as predicted by density functional theory calculations. In-situ Li and Mg intercalation experiments into the new tunnel structured $\zeta $- V$_{2}$O$_{5\, }$nanowires will also be presented and the resulting phases will be compared with theoretical predictions.