Quantification of crumpling in graphene oxide and other sheet-like nanostructures

Two-dimensional sheet-like nanostructures have garnered significant~scientific~interest in recent decade, particularly due to their inherent high specific surface areas (SSAs). Such large SSAs also result in an~intrinsic~tendency to crumple or fold based on surface~interactions under ambient conditions.~An understanding of the topological details of such structures has revealed various qualitative features driven by thermodynamics and interfacial chemistry. A scaling model based methodology will be presented which can be utilized to do quantitative analysis using small angle scattering data. A wide range of materials like graphene oxide, membrane layers as well exfoliated sheets of molybdenum oxide and~tungsten~oxide have been investigated to understand how such quantification may yield a general classification of such materials based on crumpling behavior.