Multi-layer graphene derived from graphite fluoride

ORAL

Abstract

We produce multi-layer graphene through the reduction of graphene fluoride. Graphite fluoride (CF) is synthesized by reacting F$_2$ with graphite at 500 - 600$^{o}$C. We obtain few- layer CF sheets through mechanical exfoliation and characterize their properties with electron diffraction, TEM, AFM, Raman and transport measurements. Electron diffraction spectra of fluorinated few-layer CF show the persistence of six-fold hexagonal symmetry and long-range in-plane crystalline order. Domains of varying thickness in both AFM and TEM measurements suggest an incomplete fluorination. Raman spectra of few-layer CF show the appearance of a D band ($\sim$1350 cm$^{-1}$) as expected from sp$^{3}$ bonding. Few-layer CF sheets are defluorinated in flowing H$_2$/Ar (10$\%$/90$\%$) at 500 - 600$^ {o} $C. AFM studies of defluorinated CF show a pronounced decrease in roughness and thickness, suggesting the removal of fluorine. Raman spectra of defluorinated CF show a reduced background with an enhanced 2D peak ($\sim$2700 cm$^{-1}$). We present transport measurements in field effect transistors fabricated from CF and defluorinated sheets and compare with that of pristine graphene and graphene-oxide reduced graphene.

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Authors

  • S.H. Cheng

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University

  • K. Zou

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • Awnish Gupta

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
    • Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • Humberto Gutierrez

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University
    • Physics Department, Penn State University

  • Peter Eklund

    • Physics Department, Penn State University
    • Dept. of Physics, Penn State
    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engeering, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
    • Physics Department, Material Science \& Engineering Department
    • Department of Physics, Department of Material Sciece and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science \& Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University
    • Physics Department,Materials Science \& Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University

  • Jorge Sofo

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Physics Department, Penn State University

  • J. Zhu

    • Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University
    • Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • F. Okino

    • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University