Tweezer-programmable Hubbard models and boson sampling

By combining atom rearrangement via optical tweezer arrays with the high-fidelity optical cooling enabled by narrow-line transitions present in alkaline earth atoms, we are able to deterministically prepare nearly arbitrary Fock states of bosonic atoms in a Hubbard-regime optical lattice with high fidelity. These states can be evolved in the lattice to study sampling problems involving interfering bosons with up to 180 particles. Moreover, the tweezers provide programmable control over the lattice potential, allowing for implementations of various quantum algorithms, like spatial search, as well as routes towards stronger certification of these sampling problems in the future. This suite of capabilities constitutes a powerful tool for studying and controlling Hubbard dynamics, but could also be used to directly assemble and probe ground states in such models.